Gen Zen: What does taking a healthy dump have to do with your mental health? A lot more than you think

Comments Off on Gen Zen: What does taking a healthy dump have to do with your mental health? A lot more than you think Gut Health
gut health linked to mental health

Article first published on TODAY Online

Increasingly, people are becoming aware of the importance of mental health and well-being in our lives. In our weekly Gen Zen series, TODAY looks at ways that we can feel better while coping with the mental stresses of modern life.

  • Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety and depression can influence gut health through the release of stress hormones
  • Yet, poor gut health can also affect mental health
  • This is when microorganisms in the gut are out of balance and produce chemicals that affect the person’s mood
  • The first step to a healthier gut and mind is a diet that promotes gut health 
  • There should also be more collaboration between mental health professionals and gastroenterologists to provide better care for patients

SINGAPORE — Late last year, I chanced upon a website that made an outlandish promise: Get paid US$500 (S$670) each time you donate your stool. 

The website was promoting faecal microbiota transplantation, which is a procedure where faecal matter from a healthy donor is transferred to a gut of a recipient to restore the “balance” of microorganisms that live in the digestive tract, and this improves their immunity and digestion. 

However, there was a catch — it is estimated that only 0.1 per cent of the human population is considered healthy enough to qualify as high-quality stool donors. 

As expected, there were some physical factors: The donor has to be young (preferably under 30), athletic, have a certain stool type and have minimal antibiotic use, since these affect the microorganisms in the gut. 

Then, to my surprise, there were psychological requirements as well: A successful donor is typically happy and relatively stress-free, or in other words, is in the pink of mental health. ‘It got me wondering:

What does mental health have to do with gut health, and can eating food beneficial to our gut also help our mood as well? 

HOW STRESS, ANXIETY AFFECT GUT HEALTH

I put some questions to Dr Ganesh Ramalingam, who is medical director and specialist in general surgery of G&L Surgical Clinic.

He said that psychological factors such as stress, anxiety and depression can indeed influence gut health, through the release of stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. 

“These stress hormones can affect how our gut works by changing how quickly food is digested, weakening the intestinal walls and disturbing the balance of helpful bacteria inside the gut,” Dr Ganesh said. He specialises in upper gastrointestinal surgeries, among other procedures. 

This gut-brain link made sense to me — whenever I felt anxious before making a speech in public, or felt nervous about the outcome of a job interview or test result, I would feel my stomach turn and lose all appetite for hours on end. 

And likewise, our gut health can also affect our mental health.

“Inside our gut there are organisms called microbiota that help produce chemicals that affect our mood like serotonin and dopamine,” Dr Ganesh said. 

“When these microbes are out of balance due to factors like diet or medication, it can contribute to mood disorders like anxiety and depression.” 

Indeed, a study in 2019 with a sample size of more than 1,000 participants found that two “beneficial bacteria” for the gut — coprococcus and dialister — were less common in people with depression. Such bacteria can be cultivated by consuming fruit, vegetables, whole grains and fermented foods. 

Another study conducted in Spain in 2009 showed that people who ate the traditional Mediterranean diet — which consists of whole grains, fruit, vegetables, fish, beans and nuts — were about half as likely to receive a diagnosis of depression within a span of four years. 

FIRST STEP TO MANAGING GUT HEALTH: OUR DIET

For those looking to improve their diet and live a healthier life, it may be heartening to know that it can improve their mental health, too. 

“What we eat can have an impact on both our gut and mental health,” Dr Ganesh said.  

“A diet packed with fibre, fruit, vegetables and probiotics supports gut health, which in turn can positively influence mental well-being.”

The reverse is also true. 

“But if we’re loading up on processed foods and unhealthy fats, it can throw gut bacteria out of balance, making us more prone to mental health issues,” Dr Ganesh added. 

This can also turn into a vicious circle if left unchecked: The stress and anxiety triggered by a bad diet can lead to more gastrointestinal issues, which can lead to poorer mental health. 

HOW TO MANAGE BOTH MENTAL AND GUT HEALTH 

When it comes to improving mental health, there is recognition that sports and exercise play a big role. Perhaps it is time other factors such as gut health are taken more seriously as well, Dr Ganesh said. 

He believes that the link between gut health and mental health means that a “multidisciplinary approach” is needed. 

“In my view, mental health professionals can include gut health assessments in their treatments, considering factors like diet, stress and gastrointestinal symptoms,” he said. 

They might then suggest dietary changes alongside other stress management treatment and even refer their patients to gastroenterologists if their gut problems are suspected to be affecting their mental health.

Similarly, gastroenterologists could ask about patients’ mental health during consultations and work with mental health professionals as needed. 

“They can also educate patients on the gut-brain connection and suggest lifestyle and diet changes,” Dr Ganesh said. 

Are You At Risk Of Gallbladder Disease?

Comments Off on Are You At Risk Of Gallbladder Disease? Gallbladder
man with gallbladder pain

Article first published on G&L Surgical

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that sits on the upper right of the abdomen, just under the liver. As part of the digestive system, the gallbladder’s function is to store bile produced by the liver and release it into the small intestine to help break down fats in the food we eat. 

Unfortunately, the gallbladder can become diseased when there is inflammation, irritation or a blockage in the organ. There are different types of gallbladder diseases, most of which cause symptoms like abdominal pain and nausea. However, certain risk factors and diet and lifestyle choices could increase the risk of gallbladder disease. We’ll discuss these risk factors and ways to prevent gallbladder diseases from occurring. 

Types of Gallbladder Diseases 

There are different types of diseases and conditions that can affect the gallbladder. These are some of them: 

Gallstones: Gallstones are one of the most common gallbladder diseases, and they occur when the bile in the gallbladder solidifies into tiny stones. Gallstones can cause inflammation in the gallbladder when it passes by the gallbladder wall or get stuck in a bile duct. When a gallstone gets stuck, you may experience excruciating abdominal pain, which should be treated immediately. 

Cholecystitis: Cholecystitis, or gallbladder infection, occurs when there is inflammation in the gallbladder, usually caused by a gallstone. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea and jaundice. 

Gallbladder polyps: Polyps are noncancerous growths that can form along the gallbladder wall. They don’t usually cause discomfort or symptoms and are typically only found during unrelated medical examinations. However, if a polyp grows larger over time, it has a higher risk of becoming cancerous.  

Gallbladder cancer: Gallbladder cancer is a rare condition that occurs from the abnormal growth of cancer cells in the gallbladder. Symptoms of gallbladder cancer include abdominal pain, weight loss and jaundice. 

Gallbladder Disease, Gallstone, Gallbladder Infection, Gallbladder Risks, G&L Surgical, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Who Is At Risk Of Gallbladder Disease?

As individuals grow older, their likelihood of developing gallbladder disease rises. For individuals over 60 years old, the risk increases further. Women also have a greater risk than men of developing gallbladder disease, particularly during pregnancy, menopause, or after using hormone replacement therapy.

Additionally, having a family history of gallbladder disease can place you at a greater risk of developing gallbladder disease.

Diet, Lifestyle & Medical Conditions That Increase The Risk Of Gallbladder Disease

Apart from your age, sex and family history, certain diets, lifestyle, and medical conditions may also increase your risk of getting gallbladder disease. 

Diet

Individuals who consume foods high in fat and cholesterol have a higher risk of gallbladder disease. A high-fat and cholesterol diet can strain the gallbladder and increase the possibility of developing gallstones. Some examples of such foods include fried products and processed meats.

Medical Conditions

Diabetes and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) could also increase the risk for gallbladder disease. IBD is a collective term for two medical conditions — Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis, which result from chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. 

Diabetes also tends to increase the risk of developing gallbladder disease as it is closely related to obesity. Patients with diabetes and obesity tend to produce more cholesterol in the bile, which can form into gallstones. 

Rapid Weight Loss

Rapid weight loss from weight loss surgery of a calorie-deficit diet can also increase the risk of developing gallbladder disease. When the body loses weight rapidly, the liver releases large amounts of cholesterol into the bile. The buildup of cholesterol leads to the formation of gallstones. 

Gallbladder Disease, Gallbladder Risks, Gallbladder Diet, G & L Surgical Clinic, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

How Can You Prevent Gallbladder Disease?

As obesity and a high-fat diet can increase the likelihood of developing gallbladder disease, it’s best to maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly. 

Instead of high cholesterol and fatty foods, change your eating habits with a high-fibre diet full of vegetables and leafy greens. For a more active lifestyle, start by going on a 30-minute walk or jog daily. 

On top of that, certain lifestyle choices like smoking significantly increase the risk of gallbladder disease. Quitting the habit is a great way of preventing possible diseases in the gallbladder. 

Conclusion 

A healthy diet, an active lifestyle and managing existing health conditions are the best way to prevent possible gallbladder diseases. However, if you suspect you may have gallstones or a gallbladder infection, there are treatment options available to ease your discomfort. 

If you’re looking for a trusted doctor who can answer your questions about gallbladder diseases and treatment options, consider scheduling an assessment with our team to understand your health better. Contact us directly via WHATSAPP or call our clinic for assistance.

Do calorie-tracking apps or meal subscriptions for weight loss really work? How to make the most of them

Comments Off on Do calorie-tracking apps or meal subscriptions for weight loss really work? How to make the most of them Weight Management

Article first published on Channel News Asia

Hands up, if your guilty pleasure is to scan your social media feeds for year-end photos to see how everyone looks. If there’s one thing about Singaporeans, it’s our love for comparison. Yes, other than your performance bonus, Junior’s grades and where your relatives holidayed this year, you’re also likely to be comparing appearances at this time of the year.

And you can’t help it. According to studies, as much as 10 per cent of your thoughts involve comparisons of some kind. There can even be some good that can be gleaned from healthy comparison. For instance, seeing how fantastic your ex-schoolmate looks may be the kick you need to take better charge of your weight and diet this time, come hell or high water. And with New Year Resolutions season declared open a couple of days ago, the urge to participate in one-upmanship has certainly peaked.

The question is, how do you go about losing some weight, especially after the festivities? You look around for tools to help you out and see meal subscriptions backed by trim, happy influencers tucking into seemingly tasty meal boxes delivered right to their doors. Your smart device may suggest downloading a food-tracking app (there’s even one by the Health Promotion Board or HPB) to help you monitor your caloric ins and outs.

But are they worth a try? We find out from the experts.

CALORIE TRACKING – WHO’S IT FOR?

You’d be in good company if you already log what you eat in an app, according to a Prudential Singapore study: Around three in four Singaporeans aged 25 to 65 are already proficient in using apps for health purposes ranging from recording blood pressure to tracking diets.

Over at Gleneagles Hospital, it is estimated that about 20 per cent of their clients use calorie-tracking apps as part of their dietary management strategy, said Rachel Tay, a senior dietitian there.

The majority of individuals who take the calorie-logging route do so because they prefer “a structured approach to monitor their food intake to support weight loss goals”, she said, adding that the commonly used apps include nBuddy, Healthy 365, FatSecret Singapore and My Fitness Pal.

DO CALORIE-TRACKING APPS WORK?

These apps’ weight-loss effectiveness can vary significantly from person to person, said Tay. “Anecdotally, clients have been observed to lose between 1kg and 5kg a month”, which she emphasised, also involves physical activity and lifestyle changes.

These electronic food diaries can work because they let you solidify your goals versus the ephemeral promises you make to your brunch or beer buddies. Goal setting is an important factor that can influence behaviour change, along with motivation and self-efficacy, according to this study. “Self-monitoring is considered the cornerstone of successful weight management and can be particularly helpful when combined with tailored goals.”

Tay agreed: “These apps enable users to set personal health and nutrition goals, providing them a sense of accountability and the motivation to stay on track”. Moreover, they can help you be more aware of the nutrients you’re consuming, guide you to make better food and beverage choices, and even let you plan meals to meet your dietary goals, she said.

WHAT ARE THE COMMON COMPLAINTS?

One limitation is that you can’t find the nutritional information of local dishes or food on these apps. But that can be circumvented by using locally designed trackers such as Healthy 365 or cross-referencing with government health agencies such as the HPB. “Pay attention to the serving size as the nutritional information is often provided per serving,” said Tay. “Adjust the values according to the portion size you consume.”

For instance, if your app doesn’t have “nasi lemak” on its database, look for food entries that are similar to it, said Tay. “While they may not be an exact match, they can provide a reasonable estimate of nutritional content.”

Or create your own customised entries; this is especially doable if you cook. “You can manually input the ingredients and their quantities for more accurate tracking,” said Tay. A helpful tool to have for this purpose is a kitchen scale. “This can enhance the precision of your homemade dish entries and improve the accuracy of your tracking.”

But don’t fret if you are unable to find an exact match to your dish. Make educated estimations based on the ingredients used and their typical proportions in the dish, suggested Tay. “This may require a bit of research into the standard recipes or you could seek the support of a dietitian to help guide you.”

Another complaint about food-tracking apps is their sustainability or how long you can stick to the programme. “Clients have shared that logging every meal can be time-consuming and some individuals may find it challenging to sustain this practice consistently,” said Tay.

“Some clients find these apps helpful for long-term behaviour change and weight maintenance, while others may use them more intensively for a shorter period to gain insights into their eating habits,” she said.

Another downside is, when you place too much emphasis on tracking every calorie, fat, sugar and salt you consume, it could lead to an unhealthy obsession with certain foods, cautioned Tay. For instance, you may be so convinced that a grain bowl is the most nutritionally balanced dish that you don’t eat anything else for lunch and dinner. Even stir-fried kailan can cause nutritional damage if that is all you eat.

There is also the pitfall of “letting quantitative data overshadow the qualitative aspects of eating, such as hunger cues, satisfaction and the enjoyment of food”, said Tay.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT FOOD-TRACKING APP FOR YOU

If you’re unsure just how many calories you need to reduce or how to tweak your meals, it is always a good idea to check in with a dietitian first, said Tay. “He can offer a thorough assessment and personalised advice based on your individual health needs and goals.”

The commonly used apps in Singapore include nBuddy, Healthy 365, FatSecret Singapore and My Fitness Pal, said Tay. Whichever you choose, make sure it’s been developed or endorsed by qualified nutrition professionals to ensure accuracy in the nutritional information, she added. Speaking of accuracy, the nutritional information of a dish or food can vary, so cross-reference the information whenever possible, she advised.

Instead of fixating on calorie count, pay attention to the nutritional quality of your meals, said Tay. Try to ensure a balanced diet with a variety of nutrient-dense foods. “If you find yourself becoming overly preoccupied with caloric numbers, take breaks from the app or seek support from a mental health professional.”

“Log your meals around the same time each day as consistent tracking provides valuable insights for assessing your eating patterns,” said Tay. To help you out, use the quick-entry feature for frequently consumed dishes. And be honest, even if it means logging less healthy choices consumed. “Accurate tracking provides a realistic picture of your eating habits and allows for reflection and effective adjustments.”

You should also periodically review your progress and adjust your goals as needed. “Celebrate achievements, no matter how small, and make modifications to your plan based on your evolving health and wellness objectives,” said Tay.

WHAT ABOUT MEAL SUBSCRIPTION PLANS?

“Convenient”, “chef prepared” and “balanced” are just some of the hashtags you’ll see accompanying videos of lean protein and exotic carbs on social media. (Not to be confused with tingkat services that deliver homecooked meals to the family at the behest of time-starved working parents.)

And it seems easy to do: Decide on the meal plan (calorie cutting, plant-based or muscle building, for example), click on a dish for each meal, pay a subscription fee and it’s on the way to your door. All your nutritional needs are met in each pre-packed box of food and best of all, you don’t have to waste time pondering, what shall I eat today?

It’s no wonder that the appetite for meal subscription plans is apparently growing. “Many individuals make resolutions for healthier lifestyles in the new year, contributing to this trend,” said Dr Ganesh Ramalingam, the medical director and a specialist in general surgery from G&L Surgical Clinic. And there are various ways people use these meal subscriptions, he said: As a kickstarter for their weight-loss journey, or as a long-term tool to aid them in making the right food choices.

CAN THESE MEALS REALLY HELP WITH WEIGHT LOSS?

It depends, said Dr Ganesh, whether you’re complementing the delivered meals with physical activity and a balanced lifestyle. For that matter, pairing your macro-balanced grilled salmon and quinoa with a side of couch-potatoing isn’t going to cut it.

On the whole, a reasonable weight loss goal for overweight individuals should not be more than 0.5kg to 1kg per week or 10 per cent of your body weight over six months. “Rapid weight loss may not be healthy or maintainable in the long term,” he said.

WHAT ARE THE DOWNSIDES TO THESE MEALS?

The biggest is, of course, cost. On average, the pre-prepped meals could go from as low as S$6 to as high as S$20 each; even on the low end, it’s pricier than your average pack of economy rice or nasi padang – and certainly more expensive than cooking your meals at home, especially if you batch-prep a week’s worth of meals.

“Meals costing less than S$6 may be more budget-friendly but could vary in nutritional content and ingredient quality,” said Dr Ganesh. “When evaluating meal prices, it’s beneficial to balance budget considerations with nutritional goals and personal preferences.”

The other potential complaint is portion size, which may be smaller than what you’re used to eating. As a rule of thumb, said Dr Ganesh, a quarter of your plate should be wholegrains such as brown rice or wholemeal bread; another quarter should be protein such as tofu, fish or chicken; and half of your plate should be filled with vegetables or fruits. “For example, a portion might consist of grilled chicken (about the size of a deck of cards), brown rice (1/2 to 1 cup) and a serving of mixed vegetables or fruits,” he said.

Still unsatiated? Go ahead and add snacks such as fresh fruits, raw vegetables or a small handful of nuts, suggested Dr Ganesh. “You can also enhance your meals by adding lean proteins such as grilled chicken, fish or tofu, and incorporate healthy fats like avocado, olive oil or a sprinkle of chia seeds for added satisfaction.

“If you are concerned about how your meal portions will affect your weight loss goals, consult a registered dietitian or healthcare professional for personalised advice,” he said.

There’s also the pitfall of focusing too much on macronutrients such as proteins and carbohydrates. “Look for plans that prioritise a balance of vitamins and minerals (micronutrients), include sufficient fibre, incorporate healthy fats and emphasise whole, minimally processed ingredients,” said Dr Ganesh.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT MEAL SUBSCRIPTION PLAN?

Price aside, there are a few guidelines to help you out. For instance, ensure that the meals have a balanced mix of macronutrients and micronutrients, said Dr Ganesh, and check that the calorie counts and portion sizes align with your weight-loss goals in a healthy way.

If you’re not sure, check with a dietitian or your doctor. And while you’re looking into the medical side of things, ensure that the meals, ingredients and nutritional values complement any medical conditions you may have instead of worsening them.

Got dietary restrictions or preferences such as food allergies or a no-meat policy? Confirm that the meal plan accommodates them. That aside, pick dishes or plans that consist of whole, minimally processed foods and avoid excessive additives, he said.

“It’s important to do your own research and read customer reviews on the meal subscription company of your choice,” said Dr Ganesh. “Reputable companies will usually work with certified medical professionals like dietitians and nutritionists.”

What Is Keyhole Surgery? 7 Things You Should Know.

Comments Off on What Is Keyhole Surgery? 7 Things You Should Know. Others
surgery tools

Article first published on G&L Surgical

Keyhole surgery, or minimally invasive surgery, is a surgical technique that uses small incisions and specialised tools to perform surgeries with less damage to surrounding tissue than traditional open surgeries. This technique offers several benefits, including less pain, smaller scars, and shorter recovery times. 

In this article, we will discuss keyhole surgery, its benefits, and the types of conditions treated with it at G&L Surgical.

1. What Is Keyhole Surgery?

Keyhole surgery, also known as laparoscopic surgery, involves making small incisions in the skin and inserting a camera and specialised tools to perform the surgery. This technique allows the surgeon to see inside the body and perform the surgery more precisely than traditional open surgery.

2. Keyhole Surgery VS Open Surgery

Compared to traditional open surgery, keyhole surgery has several advantages. Keyhole surgery typically results in less pain, smaller scars, and a shorter recovery time. Additionally, with keyhole surgery, patients have a reduced risk of complications such as bleeding and infection. However, open surgery is still required for more complex cases.

3. When Is Keyhole Surgery Used At G&L Surgical?

G&L Surgical surgery treatments, keyhole surgery

At G&L Surgical, laparoscopic keyhole techniques are used to treat various conditions. Our surgeon uses laparoscopic keyhole techniques to ensure fast recovery and minimal pain for our patients. We specialise in treating a variety of conditions using these advanced surgical techniques, including hernias, gallbladder disease, colon conditions, and bariatric surgery for weight loss.

Our laparoscopic keyhole techniques are designed to minimise damage to surrounding tissue, resulting in less pain and faster recovery times for our patients. Some of the keyhole surgeries we offer at G&L Surgical include:

  • Laparoscopic hernia repair: This procedure involves repairing a hernia.
  • Laparoscopic gallbladder removal: This procedure is used to remove the gallbladder.
  • Laparoscopic colon surgery: This procedure involves removing part of the colon.
  • Laparoscopic bariatric surgery for weight loss: This procedure involves using a laparoscope and specialised instruments to perform weight loss surgery, such as gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy.

Depending on your condition, it is recommended that you seek medical advice on which procedure (whether open or keyhole) is suitable as a treatment. Our surgeon will advise you during the consultation on the pros and cons surrounding both procedures to aid you in making an informed decision before proceeding with treatment.

4. How Is Keyhole Surgery Performed?

Keyhole surgeries are performed under general anaesthesia. The surgeon makes a small incision in the skin and inserts a laparoscope, which is a thin tube with a camera and light on the end. The surgeon can then see inside the body and perform the surgery using specialised tools inserted through other small incisions.

5. Preparing For A Keyhole Surgery

Before undergoing keyhole surgery, patients will need to prepare by following specific instructions provided by their healthcare team. This may include fasting for a certain period before the surgery and stopping certain medications.

6. Recovery After A Keyhole Surgery

man recovering from surgery at hospital

Recovery after keyhole surgery is typically faster than with traditional open surgery. Patients may experience some pain and discomfort, but this can usually be managed with pain medication. Most patients can return to normal activities within a few weeks.

7. Complications From Keyhole Surgery 

While keyhole surgery is generally safe and effective, there is always a risk of complications, as with any surgery. Possible complications from keyhole surgery include bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding tissue.

Conclusion

Keyhole surgery offers several benefits over traditional open surgery, including smaller scars and shorter recovery times. At G&L Surgical, we recommend laparoscopic keyhole techniques to treat patients who suffer from hernias, gallbladder disease, colon conditions and many more.

If you are considering surgery, talk to our friendly staff over the clinic or contact us via Whatsapp, and we will advise you on your best surgical option. 

Your Questions Answered: Can A Hernia Heal On Its Own?

Comments Off on Your Questions Answered: Can A Hernia Heal On Its Own? Hernia
can a hernia heal itself, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Article first published on G&L Surgical

A hernia is a medical condition that arises when an organ or fatty tissue squeezes through a weak spot in a surrounding muscle or connective tissue called fascia. Typically, hernias are most commonly seen in the abdomen, specifically between the chest and hips, but they can also occur in the upper thigh, belly button, and groin areas.

The development of a hernia is often attributed to a combination of muscle weakness and strain. The weakness in the muscle or tissue wall can be a result of a congenital condition (present at birth), or it can develop over time due to factors such as ageing, damage from injury or surgery, and chronic coughing. On the other hand, the strain leading to a hernia might be due to heavy lifting, obesity, pregnancy, constipation, or even persistent coughing or sneezing. 

The question often arises: Can a hernia heal on its own without any medical intervention? This is a crucial query, as understanding the nature of hernias and their treatment options is key to effective management and prevention of complications. Let’s find out more.

Medical Perspective: Can Hernias Heal on Their Own?

Unfortunately, hernias do not possess the ability to heal on their own. The fundamental nature of a hernia involves a gap or defect in the muscle or tissue wall, which allows an organ or tissue to protrude. This gap does not have the capacity to close or repair itself naturally.

The reason hernias cannot heal on their own lies in the anatomy and physiology of the affected area. The muscle or fascia that has weakened to create the hernia does not regenerate or strengthen by itself. In fact, with continued strain or pressure – which could be due to normal daily activities, further physical exertion, or even the natural process of ageing – the gap is likely to enlarge over time. This enlargement can lead to an increase in the size of the hernia, potentially exacerbating symptoms and discomfort.

Surgery is the only definitive method to repair a hernia. During hernia repair surgery, the protruding organ or tissue is pushed back into its correct place, and the weakened area is reinforced, often with a synthetic mesh or sutures. This reinforcement is crucial to prevent recurrence. The surgical approach not only addresses the immediate issue of the hernia but also strengthens the area to prevent future occurrences.

Lifestyle Modifications To Manage A Hernia

Hernia management, hernia treatment, hernia surgery singapore, G&L Surgical, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

While surgical intervention remains the definitive solution for hernia repair, not all hernias necessitate immediate surgery, particularly if they are small and do not cause significant discomfort or symptoms. 

In such instances, adopting certain lifestyle modifications can play a crucial role in managing the condition and potentially delaying the need for surgery. Key lifestyle modifications for hernia management include:

  • Maintaining a Healthy Weight: Excess body weight can increase the pressure on the abdominal wall and aggravate a hernia. Losing weight, if overweight, can help reduce this pressure and the associated risks.
  • Avoiding Heavy Lifting and Straining: Activities that involve heavy lifting or straining can exacerbate a hernia by increasing intra-abdominal pressure. It’s advisable to avoid such activities or use proper lifting techniques to minimise strain.
  • High-Fibre Diet: A diet rich in fibre can prevent constipation, which in turn reduces the strain during bowel movements. This is important as straining can put additional pressure on the hernia site.
  • Mindful Exercise: While exercise is beneficial for overall health, certain types of exercises, especially those that involve intense abdominal workouts, can worsen a hernia. Opt for low-impact exercises and consult with a healthcare professional to identify safe workout routines.
  • Avoiding Smoking: Smoking can lead to chronic coughing, which increases abdominal pressure and can aggravate a hernia. Quitting smoking not only helps in managing a hernia but also improves overall health.
  • Eating Smaller, More Frequent Meals: Large meals can cause the stomach to expand and put pressure on a hiatal hernia. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can help alleviate this pressure.
  • Avoiding Certain Positions: For some types of hernias, like hiatal hernias, avoiding bending over or lying down after meals can help manage symptoms.
  • Wearing Appropriate Clothing: Tight clothing can increase pressure on the abdomen. Wearing loose, comfortable clothing can help reduce this pressure.

Activities and Habits to Be Cautious About:

  • Avoiding High-Intensity Sports: Sports that involve sudden movements or intense physical exertion can increase the risk of exacerbating a hernia.
  • Being Cautious with Certain Exercises: Activities like weightlifting, intense cycling, or heavy gardening should be approached with caution.
  • Monitoring Symptoms: It’s important to be vigilant about any changes in the hernia, such as increased pain, size, or discomfort, and seek medical advice promptly.

While these lifestyle modifications can help manage a smaller hernia, they are not a substitute for medical evaluation and treatment. Regular monitoring and consultation with healthcare professionals are essential to ensure that the hernia does not progress to a stage where it requires urgent surgical intervention.

Risk of Complications from Untreated Hernia

Hernia Complications, Hernia Risks, Hernia Treatment, G&L Surgical, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Leaving a hernia untreated carries significant risks and can lead to severe health consequences. Understanding these risks is crucial for making informed decisions about hernia management and treatment.

One of the serious risks of an untreated hernia is incarceration, where the herniated tissue becomes trapped and cannot easily be pushed back into the abdomen. This can happen suddenly or over time. Symptoms of an incarcerated hernia may include severe pain, nausea, vomiting, and the inability to pass gas or have a bowel movement. Incarcerated hernias are a medical emergency as they can lead to further complications if not treated promptly.

Even more severe is the risk of strangulation, a life-threatening complication where the blood supply to the part of the organ or tissue that is herniated is cut off. Without blood supply, the affected tissue can quickly become damaged or die, leading to gangrene, which is a medical emergency. Symptoms of a strangulated hernia include intense pain, redness or discolouration at the hernia site, fever, rapid heart rate, and sudden worsening of hernia-related discomfort.

When Medical Intervention is Necessary

Regular monitoring with a healthcare provider is crucial for keeping an eye on the hernia’s progression. In the event any of the above complications arise, medical intervention becomes essential, especially when a hernia is causing pain, growing larger, or leading to complications like incarceration or strangulation. 

If you experience sudden, severe pain, nausea, vomiting, or the hernia becomes firm or tender and cannot be pushed back in, seek immediate medical attention.

If you or a loved one is dealing with a hernia, don’t wait for the condition to worsen. Visit our website for more information on Hernia Repair or contact us directly via WHATSAPP or call our CLINIC for assistance. 

A Gastrointestinal Surgeon Answers: Is My Diet Restricted After A Gallbladder Surgery?

Comments Off on A Gastrointestinal Surgeon Answers: Is My Diet Restricted After A Gallbladder Surgery? Gallbladder

Article first posted on G&L Surgical

Medically reviewed by Dr Ganesh Ramalingam, Medical Director & Specialist In General Surgery

Embarking on the journey of gallbladder surgery often leaves patients with a myriad of questions, particularly regarding their diet post-operation. As the gallbladder plays a pivotal role in our digestive process, its removal can indeed influence our dietary habits. 

In this blog, we delve into the expert insights of Dr Ganesh Ramalingam, a gastrointestinal surgeon, exploring the dietary pathways that unfold after gallbladder surgery.

Immediate Post-Surgery Diet

Immediately after gallbladder surgery, patients are often placed on a liquid diet, ensuring the digestive system is not overly taxed during the initial healing phase. Broths, juices, and gelatine are common staples in this stage, providing nourishment without straining the digestive tract. 

Gradually, as the body begins to acclimate, soft foods like mashed potatoes, pudding, and soups are introduced, always under the vigilant eye of healthcare professionals to monitor for any adverse reactions.

Transitioning to Regular Diet

The progression from a soft food diet to a regular diet is a gradual transition, typically spanning several weeks post-surgery. Patients may experience digestive discomforts such as bloating, gas, and diarrhoea as the body adapts to the absence of the gallbladder. 

It’s paramount to introduce foods slowly and in small portions, paying keen attention to the body’s response. A low-fat diet is often recommended initially, with a gradual introduction of healthy fats to assess tolerance.

Foods to Avoid After Gallbladder Surgery

Navigating the dietary landscape post-gallbladder surgery involves being mindful of certain foods that can exacerbate digestive discomfort. Fatty foods, greasy items, and spicy dishes can often trigger unpleasant symptoms like diarrhoea and bloating. 

Foods high in saturated fats, such as fried foods, certain cuts of meat, and high-fat dairy, should be approached with caution and consumed in moderation to prevent digestive distress.

Foods That Are Generally Well-Tolerated

Conversely, numerous foods are generally well-tolerated after gallbladder surgery, promoting a smooth dietary transition. Lean proteins, such as chicken and fish, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables often find a comfortable place in a post-gallbladder surgery diet. 

The emphasis is placed on maintaining a balanced diet, ensuring the body receives ample nutrients to facilitate healing and overall well-being.

Long-Term Dietary Considerations

While the initial weeks post-surgery involve meticulous dietary management, the long-term dietary outlook for most patients is positive and unrestricted. Many individuals find they can return to their previous dietary habits without issue. 

However, a subset of patients may opt for a “gallbladder-friendly” diet, which is low in fats and rich in fibre, to mitigate the risk of digestive discomfort in the long term.

Conclusion

Navigating life post-gallbladder surgery, particularly where diet is concerned, can be a journey rife with questions and uncertainties. While the initial post-surgery period does necessitate dietary modifications, the long-term outlook is generally unrestricted and positive for most individuals. 

Under the expert guidance of gastrointestinal surgeons patients can confidently traverse their post-surgery dietary path, ensuring optimal healing and a return to normalcy in their eating habits.

What’s The Difference: Gut Health Test VS Scopes

Comments Off on What’s The Difference: Gut Health Test VS Scopes Gut Health
gut health test and endoscopy singapore

Article first published on G&L Surgical

An individual’s overall health and well-being are interconnected with their gut health. Various tools and tests are available to ensure the gut functions properly, two of which are gut health tests and scopes. Both have their unique place in health assessments, yet they vary significantly regarding their procedure and purpose. 

This article aims to delve deeper into these two assessment approaches, dissecting their characteristics and differences and providing guidance on choosing between them.

Understanding Gut Health Tests

Gut Health Test Singapore, AMiLi Test, G&L Surgical, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Gut health tests offer a comprehensive picture of an individual’s digestive system. The primary purpose of these tests is to evaluate the health and diversity of the gut microbiome – the army of trillions of microorganisms that inhabit the gut. A healthy gut microbiome is crucial as it can influence everything from digestion to mental health and even immunity.

Through a simple stool sample collected at home, gut health tests can reveal the types of bacteria present, their relative abundance, and the overall balance of beneficial and harmful species. Additionally, these tests can shed light on your body’s ability to break down dietary fibre, an essential function linked with bowel regularity, cholesterol management, and blood sugar control.

Inflammatory markers are another key parameter measured by gut health tests. Chronic inflammation in the gut can lead to conditions such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). By measuring these markers, a gut health test can potentially identify signs of inflammation before they become symptomatic.

Gut health tests are appreciated for their non-invasive nature and accessibility. The procedure involves the comfortable privacy of your home and the ease of using a collection kit sent by mail. It’s a user-friendly option that empowers individuals to take control of their gut health.

However, gut health tests have limitations. While they provide valuable insights into the microbiome and inflammation, they aren’t designed to detect anatomical abnormalities or more serious underlying conditions like ulcers or malignancies. For these concerns, a more in-depth examination may be necessary.

Understanding Scopes

Colonoscopy & Gastroscopy, Gut Health, G&L Surgical, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Scopes, on the other hand, offer a thorough, direct inspection of the gut. Scopes, such as gastroscopies and colonoscopies, involve inserting a long, thin tube equipped with a light and camera through the mouth or rectum to explore the digestive tract.

The primary purpose of scopes is to visually detect abnormalities that could be causing symptoms or could potentially lead to more serious conditions. This includes ulcers, polyps, diverticula, and even early signs of cancer. Scopes allow for a level of precision and detail that gut health cannot provide.

Moreover, scopes also offer the unique advantage of therapeutic intervention. Healthcare professionals can perform biopsies, remove polyps, or treat bleeding areas during the same procedure.

While the term ‘invasive’ may sound alarming, it’s important to remember that these procedures are carried out under appropriate sedation or anaesthesia to minimise discomfort. However, preparation for the procedure, potential risks, and recovery time are factors to be considered.

Key Differences Between Gut Health Tests and Scopes

When comparing gut health tests and scopes, the first difference that comes to mind is their invasiveness. Gut health tests are non-invasive, providing a wealth of information from a simple stool sample. Scopes, however, require a more hands-on, internal exploration of the digestive tract.

Moreover, the information provided by each method differs. Gut health tests offer insights into the gut’s microbiome, inflammation levels, and food intolerance, which primarily relate to wellness and potential non-critical issues. 

Scopes, on the other hand, aim to diagnose diseases and conditions by physically examining the gut, making them a more suitable tool for people with specific symptoms or concerns.

Choosing the Right Assessment Approach

Gut Health Test, Scope, G&L Surgical

The choice between gut health tests and scopes largely depends on individual circumstances, symptoms, and medical history. If you’re suffering from severe, persistent symptoms, a scope might be the most suitable option as it can provide more definitive answers. On the contrary, if you’re generally healthy and want to improve or monitor your gut health, a gut health test might suffice.

It’s important to understand that this decision is not one to make in isolation. Collaborating with healthcare professionals and discussing these options with them ensures an appropriate and beneficial decision for your health.

Conclusion

To wrap up, gut health tests and scopes are two sides of the same coin, each offering valuable insights into different aspects of gut health. While gut health tests provide a broad overview of your gut microbiome and markers of inflammation, scopes offer a detailed visual assessment and the ability to treat abnormalities.

As always, the choice between the two should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, factoring in individual health, symptoms, and personal preferences. Together, these tools contribute to a well-rounded approach to gut health, paving the way for improved overall wellness.

If you’re unsure where to start, don’t hesitate to contact our team. Our team of professionals will be able to advise you based on your symptoms, lifestyle, and medical history. Take control of your gut health today and start your journey towards a healthier, happier life.

Lump On Arm: Should I Be Worried?

Comments Off on Lump On Arm: Should I Be Worried? Lumps & Bumps
lump on arm singapore

Article first published on G&L Surgical

Feeling an unexpected lump or bump on your body can be concerning, especially when it’s located in a visible area like the arm.

While a good number of these lumps are often benign, representing simple skin or subdermal irregularities, they can still make you feel uneasy. 

In this article, we explore the common causes, signs and symptoms surrounding skin lumps on the arm and how you should go about seeking expert medical guidance to ensure clarity, correct diagnosis, and peace of mind.

Common Causes of Lumps

Lumps can emerge for a variety of reasons. While the term “lump” might evoke immediate concern, it’s comforting to know that benign causes, those which are neither harmful nor cancerous, are often the culprits. 

Even though these benign lumps might present as simple, non-threatening anomalies upon initial assessment, they should still be professionally evaluated. This helps in an accurate diagnosis and guides the best possible course of action if intervention is deemed necessary.

Signs that Indicate More Serious Concerns

lump on arm serious, G&L surgical, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

In most cases, the external appearance of a lump is no direct indication of its nature or potential for harm. Without a trained eye, subtle changes, internal compositions, or rapid developments might not be apparent. These are distinct markers and signs that can indicate a more serious underlying issue:

  • Rapid Growth: A lump that shows noticeable enlargement over a short span, such as days or weeks, demands attention. Normal benign growths, like lipomas, tend to develop slowly over time. Hence, any rapid change in size could be indicative of an aggressive nature, necessitating immediate professional evaluation.
  • Changes in Appearance: Consistency in a lump’s appearance is typical of benign growths. However, if you notice alterations in its colour, texture, or shape, it could be a sign of concern. For instance, a lump that becomes uneven, changes colour, or hardens might be worrisome.
  • Associated Symptoms: While some lumps can be entirely asymptomatic, others might manifest with symptoms. Any pain, tenderness, numbness, or other unusual sensations associated with the lump could signify an underlying condition or inflammation. Moreover, if the lump impedes the movement or function of the area, it’s a clear sign that it requires medical attention.

Seeking Medical Treatment

When it comes to seeking treatment, here’s a deeper look into the range of treatments available based on diagnosis:

  • Benign Lumps: Often, the approach with benign growths is one of observation. Medical professionals might choose to keep an eye on the lump, ensuring that it doesn’t present any concerning changes. However, if the lump causes pain, restricts movement, or raises aesthetic concerns, it might be recommended for surgical removal. Procedures for benign lump removal are typically straightforward, with minimal recovery time.
  • Malignant Lumps: The discovery of a malignant lump necessitates a more intensive treatment approach. Depending on its type, location, and stage, various treatments may be proposed. Surgery is often the first step, aiming to remove as much of the malignant growth as possible. 

Additional Points To Note

Avoiding Self-Diagnosis: In our digital age, it’s tempting to type symptoms into a search engine and come up with a diagnosis based on online resources. While the internet is a reservoir of information, it cannot replace the years of training and expertise held by medical professionals. Relying solely on online research can lead to misdiagnosis, unnecessary anxiety, or the overlooking of critical symptoms. 

Thus, when it comes to health concerns, it’s essential to avoid the pitfalls of self-diagnosis and instead opt for expert consultation.

The Importance of Timely Medical Attention: Delaying a visit to the doctor might allow potential issues to escalate. Even benign lumps, if left untreated, can grow, cause discomfort, or become aesthetically displeasing. 

On the other hand, for more serious conditions, early detection can significantly improve prognosis and treatment outcomes. If you are currently experiencing a lump on your arm and are unsure if it needs medical attention, contact us and we will answer your queries as soon as possible.

Colonoscopy VS Endoscopy: What’s The Difference?

Comments Off on Colonoscopy VS Endoscopy: What’s The Difference? Colonoscopy
colonoscopy endoscopy singapore

Article first published on G&L Surgical

In modern medicine, many tests are available to diagnose and treat gastrointestinal (GI) issues. 

An endoscopy is a common test that examines the digestive tract. Various types of endoscopies examine different parts of the digestive tract, and many people may not know the difference between them. 

In this article, we will explore the types of endoscopies, including the differences between endoscopy and colonoscopy, what each procedure entails, and why regular screening is essential for maintaining gastrointestinal health. 

What’s The Difference Between An Endoscopy And A Colonoscopy?

An endoscopy is an umbrella term for all types of scopes. A colonoscopy is a type of endoscopy that only examines the lower part of the digestive tract, specifically the colon and rectum.

On the other hand, an upper endoscopy, also known as a gastroscopy, examines the upper part of the digestive tract, including the oesophagus, stomach, and small intestine.

While both procedures involve inserting a flexible tube with a camera and light on the end into the body, they serve different purposes. By understanding the difference between these procedures, you can better understand which your doctor may recommend.

Gastroscopy, Colonoscopy, Endoscopy, G&L Surgical Clinic, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

What Is An Upper Endoscopy?

An upper endoscopy is a medical examination procedure that allows doctors to view the upper part of the digestive tract. During an upper endoscopy, also called a gastroscopy, a doctor will examine the oesophagus, stomach, and the beginning of the small intestine called the duodenum.

The procedure is performed by inserting a flexible tube, called an endoscope, through the mouth and into the oesophagus. The endoscope has a camera and light on it, allowing the doctor to see the inside of the digestive tract on a monitor. The procedure takes around 15-30 minutes, and patients are typically given a mild sedative to help them relax.

An upper endoscopy can detect a range of GI issues, including ulcers, inflammation, and abnormal growths.

What Is A Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy examines the lower part of the digestive tract, specifically the colon and rectum. The procedure involves a flexible tube called a colonoscope with a camera and light on the end. The colonoscope is inserted through the anus and into the colon, allowing the doctor to view the inside of the colon on a monitor.

The procedure usually takes 30-60 minutes, and patients are typically given a sedative to help them relax. During a colonoscopy, doctors can detect a range of GI issues, including polyps, cancer, inflammation, and abnormal growths. In addition, biopsies can also be taken during the procedure to test for conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and signs of colorectal cancer or polyps.

Getting a Colonoscopy and Upper Endoscopy At The Same Time

Doctor talking to patient about colonoscopy screening

Patients who experience gastrointestinal issues may be recommended to undergo both a colonoscopy and an endoscopy at the same time. This is so you can get a full body check in one examination while saving on cost. 

During the procedure, the patient will be placed under general anaesthesia to help them relax, and the examination will take around 60-90 minutes.

The Importance of Regular Screening

In Singapore, the Ministry of Health recommends regular colorectal cancer screening for individuals aged 50 and above. Those with a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors may need to begin screening earlier or have more frequent screenings.

Upper endoscopy and colonoscopy are essential examinations for maintaining gastrointestinal health, allowing doctors to detect and treat a range of conditions, including polyps, inflammation, and cancer. It is best to talk to your doctor about which screening test is right for you and when you should begin regular screenings.

Regular screening is important to maintain good gastrointestinal health in Singapore. By staying on top of the recommended screenings and working with your doctor, you can take proactive steps to protect your health and detect any issues early on.

Conclusion

An upper endoscopy and colonoscopy are valuable tools for examining the digestive tract and detecting various conditions, from inflammation to cancer. 

While they may sound similar, they are used to examine different parts of the digestive tract. Talk to your doctor about which screening tests are recommended for you.

At G&L Surgical, we provide professional advice on colonoscopy procedures and colorectal cancer. If you have any questions on these examinations and conditions, contact our team for assistance.

The Role of Probiotics in Gut Health: Insights From Dr Ganesh 

Comments Off on The Role of Probiotics in Gut Health: Insights From Dr Ganesh  Gut Health
Probiotics food, gut health, Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Just last week, a patient came to me with a question about the benefits of probiotics and how they benefit our health. Through our conversation, I was surprised at how often people overlook the function of probiotics, which can directly influence your overall well-being, particularly your gut. 

So today, as a gastrointestinal doctor who’s spent years navigating the world of gut health, I’ve put together this article to shed light on the critical role probiotics play in enhancing your gut health. 

Understanding Gut Health

To get started, what exactly does “gut health” stand for? 

The term “gut health” refers to all activities in your gastrointestinal (GI) system, which in turn is a vital player in maintaining one’s holistic health. Within the gut is a vibrant and diverse community of microorganisms which form an ecosystem known as gut microbiome. This ecosystem influences different areas of your well-being, spanning from digestion processes to influencing your immune system. 

During my extensive experience in the field, I have discerned that a myriad of prevalent digestive complaints stem from a disrupted microbiome. These disturbances might manifest as mild issues like bloating and inconsistent bowel habits or escalate to more severe conditions such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Diverticulitis. Being able to identify and rectify microbial imbalances in our gut is the key to how you can build a resilient gut health. 

With that said, how do Probiotics play a role in rectifying these imbalances?

What Are Probiotics?

Probiotics

Firstly, probiotics are living beneficial bacteria naturally found in certain foods and supplements. Their primary role is to support a balanced gut microbiome, promoting better digestion and overall health. 

The presence of these healthy bacteria is similar to having “caretakers” for your gut microbiome; they interact to help improve your digestive functions and create a robust internal system that is resilient to other health issues.

Now, having grasped the role of probiotics, it seems only natural to delve into their close relatives – prebiotics – and differentiate between the two. Prebiotics can be considered the ‘food’ for the friendly bacteria in your gut. Predominantly found in fibre-rich foods, they provide a nurturing ground for beneficial bacteria to flourish and multiply, even though they are non-digestible by human enzymes.

Simply put, while probiotics are the actual beneficial bacteria, prebiotics serve as their nourishment, fostering a harmonious relationship that is vital in maintaining a vibrant and healthy gut environment.

Benefits of Probiotics for Gut Health

When talking about the benefits of taking probiotics, there are definitely numerous advantages to it. From personal observation, they aid in enhancing digestion and facilitating better nutrient absorption.

In addition, through consuming the right strain of probiotics, patients have also reported that probiotics helped regulate their bowel movements and even relieved some troubling conditions such as constipation.

Some common foods that introduce probiotics to your system would include:

  • Yoghurt
  • Tempeh
  • Kombucha
  • Kimchi
  • Miso
  • Pickled vegetables (eg. pickled cucumber, radish)
  • Sauerkraut

Conclusion

In essence, prioritising your gut health with probiotics can transform your overall health. The cornerstone of vibrant health lies in a robust gut.